Building your own kitchen isnt really that hard. After all, a kitchen is basically a collection of boxes and panels. Lets have a look at a simple construction technique for building a frameless kitchen base cabinet.
Frameless kitchen base cabinet plan
There are many types of kitchen cabinets but the two most common types are face frame cabinets and frameless cabinets. In this article I am going to describe how a frameless base cabinet is constructed.
A frameless cabinet can be constructed from just 6 pieces of panel material (see Fig. 1). I use highly moisture resistant particle board (HMR) so I will refer to this material from now on. The thickness of the HMR is usually 16mm (5/8) and has a layer of white melamine on both sides. HMR can be sourced at any building hardware supplier.
Fig 1. Base cabinet plan showing the dimensions of the 6 components needed to construct it. The base, fixing rail and back are fastened to the left and right end panels with wood screws and the joint is nothing but a simple butt joint.
How to calculate the cabinet components dimensions
To work out the kitchen cabinet dimensions you need to know a few details first. Firstly, you need to know at what height (and depth) you would like to have your countertop positioned (for ergonomics this is normally 900mm off the floor and 600mm in depth), how thick will your countertop be (normally somewhere between 20 to 40mm thick) and lastly the required height of your toe kick (normally between 100 to 150mm high).
Now, lets say you needed a 600mm wide kitchen cabinet and you required a 600 x 40mm countertop 900mm off the floor that would mean your toe kick height would be 900 720 40 = 140mm high.
We can now work out our kitchen cabinets components for a 600mm wide cabinet by simple calculation.
I normally make my kitchen cabinet carcases 720mm high x 560mm deep (it can vary so dont worry). This allows me to have a 20mm thick door with the countertop overhanging the door by 20mm. The end panels form the left and right sides of the cabinet. These panels can be drilled to accomodate adjustable shelves, drawers, partitions and various types of kitchen cabinet hardware such as bins
Since the base, back and fixing rail sit between the end panels you subtract 32mm (16mm + 16mm) from the overall required cabinet width to determine their width.
600mm 32mm = 568mm
Therefore the back will be 720mm high x 568mm wide and the base will be 568mm wide by 544mm deep (cut it 16mm less than the cabinet depth so it will butt into the back for screw fixing).
Frameless Base Cabinet Materials Cutting List
The cutting list for the 6 panel pieces required to make the cabinet would be;
1 x left end panel (720mm high x 560mm depth)
1 x right end panel (720mm high x 560mm depth)
1 x back (720mm high x 568mm width)
1 x base (544mm depth x 568mm width)
1 x top rail (568mm width x 100mm depth)
1 x door (717mm high x 597mm width)
Construction
Construction of the base cabinet is quite simple (see Fig. 1). There are no fancy joints, the pieces are simple butted together and then screwed with 50/60mm cabinet screws. The base is screwed to the back and the end panels are then screwed to the base and back. The top rail goes in last and it is screwed to the end panels.
The cabinet needs to sit on a plinth, usually a ladder frame or 4 adjustable plastic legs. I find that the plastic levelling legs are easier to work with but if you are having heavy stone bench-tops, a ladder frame is far superior.
The door needs to be attached to an end panel with 2 concealed kitchen door hinges.
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